אפס
Grammatical information: verb/interjection
Translation: let go, leave, let alone
Translation equivalent: ἄφες(Ancient Greek+)
Usage:
Domain: activities
Socio-cultural norm: code-switching
Normativity: ad-hoc usage
Meaning type: metaph.
ותאמר הלך אלך עימך אפס כי לא תהיה תפארתך, אמר ר' ראובן לשון יווני הוא הפס אמרה לו מה את סבור שתפארתה של שירה נמסרת לך לבדך, אתמהא, ונעשה טפילה ותשר דבורה וברק בן אבינועם וגו'.
40,4 [I 384: 7]
And she said: I will surely go with thee, notwithstanding (efes) the journey that thou takest shall not be for thy honour (Jdc 4,9). R. Reʾuven said: “Efes” is a Greek word “hafes” (let alone). Said she to him: ‘What do you think? that the glory of the singing shall be given to you only?!’ He retired into the second place, as it is written, Then sang Deborah and Barak the son of Abinoam, etc. (Jdc 5,1) (Cf. Freedman / Simon I 328-329)
= Yalq 67 [18c: 60-18d: 2] [-]; Yalq Jdc 43 [353d: 18-21] [-]
Cf. AC I 222a; Levy I 145b-146a; Jastrow I 106. A similar explanation is also presented in ExR Ki Tissa 45,2; EkhR 1,1 (in the name of R. Reʾuven); PesK 17 (in the name of R. Reʾuven); Yalq Ps 816 [467a: 34-35]. Apparently same meaning in bBB 111a: אפס זכריה “leave Zekharia!”. For spiritus asper instead of spiritus lenis cf. Krauss, LW I 59.
Bibliography:
How to cite: Art. אפס in: Dictionary of Loanwords in Rabbinic Literature. Eds. . https://lrl.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/afes.html. 2024.
