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אפוכי

GenR
אפוכי 〈ʾpwkhy〉 |apokhe|

Grammatical information: noun f.

Variant: אפכי 〈ʾpkhy〉 |apokhe|
Variant: אופכי 〈ʾwpkhy〉 |opakhe|
Variant: אופכי - GenR 41(42),3 first occurrence - K Vat2 V
Variant: אפופסין - GenR 41(42),3 first occurrence - Ox2
Variant: אופכי - GenR 41(42),3 second occurrence - K Vat2 V
Variant: אפופסין - GenR 41(42),3 second occurrence - Ox2

Translation: pardon; quittance; discharge

Translation equivalent: ἀποχή(Greek)

Translation equivalent: apocha(Latin)

Usage:

Domain: administration

Socio-cultural norm: cultural borrowing

Normativity: standard

Meaning type: lit.

Geographic distribution: Coptic

אמר להן עוד היא שמחה שבו ביום נטלו ישראל איפכי על עוונותיהם דאמר ר' שמואל בר נחמן איפכי גדולה יטלו ישראל על עוונותיהם ביום שחרב בית המקדש תם עונך בת ציון וגו'.

41(42),3 [I 407: 6,7]

Even that connotes joy, was his reply, for on that very day Israel received full quittance for their sins, as R. Shemuʾel b. Naḥman said: Israel received quittance in full measure for their sins on the day that the Temple was destroyed, as it is written: The punishment of thine iniquity is complete, O daughter of Zion etc. (Lam 4,22) (Freedman / Simon I 345-346)

אפופסין

= LevR (Wilna) Shemini 11,7 (איפופסין); LevR (Margaliot) Shemini 11,7 (איפכי, אפכה); NumR Nassoʾ 13,5 (אפוכי); RutR (Petiḥtot) 7 (אופכין); EstR (Petiḥtot) 11 (אפוכי); EkhR (Wilna) 4,25 (איפכו); EkhR (Buber) 4,22 (אפוכי); Tan Shemini 9,9 (אפופסין); LeqT Lev Shemini 26b: 19 (אפופסין); GenRbti Wa-yeṣeʾ 131 (אפורי emd. אפוכי); GenRbti Mi-qeṣ 193 (אפוכין); Yalq 2Reg 252 [386b: 43] (איפופסין); Yalq Jer 327 [416b: 53] (אפפוסין)

Etymology (borrowing): source language Classical Greek+ Cf. LSJ ἀποχή, III.

The reading אפופסין represents an alternative (secondary) textual tradition. Sperber distinguishes 1. “pardon, quittance” (for GenR); 2. “reward”, 3. “receipt” (however, the semantic difference is not always clear). Sokoloff, DJPA 45: “reward” (not matching well in our context). AC I 215b-216a („Quittung, Urkunde der bezahlten Forderung“); Krauss, LW 100ab (1. “Erlassungsurkunde” (for GenR); 2. “Belohnung”; 3. “das Zurückhalten [der Geisel]” [cf. for the later meaning Levy I 137b: Gr. ἐποχή]); Levy I 137ab (“Urkunde des Abstands [von einer Forderung]”). Jastrow 100b traces back (speculatively) to the Hebr. root הפך / אפך.

Bibliography:

Sperber (1984), 51-52.

Sokoloff, DJPA, 45b.

How to cite: Art. אפוכי in: Dictionary of Loanwords in Rabbinic Literature. Eds. Susanne Plietzsch, Christina Katsikadeli, Vladislav Slepoy, Thomas Klampfl. https://lrl.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apokhe.html. 2024.